Список вопросов базы знаний

World Bank

Мировой банк

International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA

Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация, ФАО

The Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO

Международное агентство по атомной энергии, МАГАТЭ

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Генеральная ассамблея (ООН)

General Assembly, GA

Организация объединенных наций, ООН

Security Council, SC

Совет безопасности (ООН)

under the UN Charter

согласно уставу ООН

to adopt (sign) a charter

представитель России в ООН

Russian ambassador to the UN

принять устав

UN Charter

государства-участники ООН

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Организации Объединенных Наций

UN member-states

Устав ООН

commitment

обязательство

binding

взять на себя обязательства

to commit oneself to do smth

связывающий

to refrain

решать разногласия

to settle disputes

решать проблемы

to solve problems

воздерживаться

for a term of two years

на срок 2 года

term of office

срок службы

terms of agreement

условия соглашения

to have the right to sign the contract

иметь право

human rights

иметь право подписать договор

to be entitle

права человека

to veto smth

неотемлемое право

inherent right

миротворческие силы

peace-keeping forces

налагать вето

to exec

миротворцы

to administer

выполнять

peace-keepers

руководить

sovereign equality

исполнительный орган

equality

равенство

executive body

суверенное равенство

non-interference

мирное сосуществование

equality

невмешательство

peaceful coexistence

равенство

Under the UN Charter, member-states bound themselves to “settle their international disputes by peaceful means”

and to “refrain... from the threat or use of force against... any state.”

It was formed at the initiative

of the countries that had fought Hitler’s Germany.

The United Nations came formally into being

on June 26th, 1945, succeeding the League of Nations.

There are still some states that

are not members, such as Tonga and Monaco.

Although these promises have not always been realized, the organization has created an international forum

that embraces the vast majority of the world’s nations.

From an original membership

of 51 in 1945, the total has risen to 209.

The International Court of Justice, for instance, is in the Hague; the World Health Organization in Geneva; the Food and

New York, but its subsidiary agencies are located throughout the world.

The Council has 15 members: 10 of them are elected

Agriculture Organization in Rome; and the International Monetary Fund in Washington.

The central body of the UN – its parliament – is the General Assembly, based in

by the General Assembly for a term of two years each, and five are permanent members.

The most powerful arm of the UN

has the right only to make recommendations to governments

The General Assembly

leading nuclear powers: Britain, China, France, Russia, and the United States; each has the right to veto any Security Council’s resolution.

The five are the world’s

is the Security Council, which, in theory, has the authority to impose decisions on member-states.

It is an important date: the Charter is the foundation of international law, resting on

of the UN’s budget since it is rich enough to do it.

In the long run, however, principles

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

It is funded by contributions from member states; the largest single contributor, the United States, has long provided roughly a quarter

the principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs.

In the long run, however, principles

was founded with 50member states.

Later that year the UN

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

Churchill immediately supported the idea of big power hegemony, with characteristic cynicism: “the eagle should permit

the small birds to sing and care not wherefore they sang.”

to prevent war

предотвращать войну

to prevent the spread of disease

предотвращать

to prevent

предотвращать распостранение болезни

to lose confidence in

поставить Задание о доверии

confidence n

уверенность

to call for a vote of confidence

потерять уверенность

to vote for (against)

один человек – один голос

vote n

голосовать за (против)

one man one vote

голос

destructive a

разрушительный

collapse n, v

разрушать

to destroy

крах

difference(s) n

разрешать разногласия

To cause differences

вызывать различия

To settle differences

различие

advantage n

иметь преимущество

to have advantage over

преимущество

difference of opinion

разногласия во взлядх

tension n

снять напряжение

to reduce tension

усилить напряжение

to increase tension

напряжение

to launch a challenge

принимать вызов

to meet a challenge

невежество

ignorance n

бросать вызов

to use every effort

улучшитьуровень жизни

to promote higher standards of living

ообеспечивать более высокий уровень жизни

to improve standards of living

использовать все усилия

to reach a target

хранилище

storage

достичь цели

cautious response

осторожная реакция