Список вопросов базы знаний

World Bank

Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация, ФАО

International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA

Мировой банк

The Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO

Международное агентство по атомной энергии, МАГАТЭ

General Assembly, GA

Организация объединенных наций, ООН

Security Council, SC

Совет безопасности (ООН)

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Генеральная ассамблея (ООН)

Russian ambassador to the UN

принять устав

to adopt (sign) a charter

представитель России в ООН

under the UN Charter

согласно уставу ООН

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Организации Объединенных Наций

UN member-states

государства-участники ООН

UN Charter

Устав ООН

commitment

обязательство

to commit oneself to do smth

связывающий

binding

взять на себя обязательства

to refrain

воздерживаться

to solve problems

решать разногласия

to settle disputes

решать проблемы

term of office

условия соглашения

terms of agreement

на срок 2 года

for a term of two years

срок службы

to be entitle

иметь право

human rights

права человека

to have the right to sign the contract

иметь право подписать договор

inherent right

налагать вето

peace-keeping forces

неотемлемое право

to veto smth

миротворческие силы

to administer

руководить

to exec

выполнять

peace-keepers

миротворцы

sovereign equality

суверенное равенство

equality

исполнительный орган

executive body

равенство

non-interference

равенство

peaceful coexistence

мирное сосуществование

equality

невмешательство

Under the UN Charter, member-states bound themselves to “settle their international disputes by peaceful means”

of the countries that had fought Hitler’s Germany.

It was formed at the initiative

on June 26th, 1945, succeeding the League of Nations.

The United Nations came formally into being

and to “refrain... from the threat or use of force against... any state.”

From an original membership

that embraces the vast majority of the world’s nations.

There are still some states that

are not members, such as Tonga and Monaco.

Although these promises have not always been realized, the organization has created an international forum

of 51 in 1945, the total has risen to 209.

The Council has 15 members: 10 of them are elected

by the General Assembly for a term of two years each, and five are permanent members.

The International Court of Justice, for instance, is in the Hague; the World Health Organization in Geneva; the Food and

New York, but its subsidiary agencies are located throughout the world.

The central body of the UN – its parliament – is the General Assembly, based in

Agriculture Organization in Rome; and the International Monetary Fund in Washington.

The General Assembly

has the right only to make recommendations to governments

The five are the world’s

is the Security Council, which, in theory, has the authority to impose decisions on member-states.

The most powerful arm of the UN

leading nuclear powers: Britain, China, France, Russia, and the United States; each has the right to veto any Security Council’s resolution.

It is an important date: the Charter is the foundation of international law, resting on

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

In the long run, however, principles

of the UN’s budget since it is rich enough to do it.

It is funded by contributions from member states; the largest single contributor, the United States, has long provided roughly a quarter

the principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs.

Churchill immediately supported the idea of big power hegemony, with characteristic cynicism: “the eagle should permit

the small birds to sing and care not wherefore they sang.”

Later that year the UN

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

In the long run, however, principles

was founded with 50member states.

to prevent war

предотвращать

to prevent the spread of disease

предотвращать распостранение болезни

to prevent

предотвращать войну

confidence n

уверенность

to lose confidence in

потерять уверенность

to call for a vote of confidence

поставить Задание о доверии

one man one vote

один человек – один голос

to vote for (against)

голос

vote n

голосовать за (против)

collapse n, v

крах

destructive a

разрушительный

to destroy

разрушать

difference(s) n

вызывать различия

To cause differences

различие

To settle differences

разрешать разногласия

to have advantage over

преимущество

difference of opinion

разногласия во взлядх

advantage n

иметь преимущество

to increase tension

снять напряжение

tension n

напряжение

to reduce tension

усилить напряжение

to meet a challenge

принимать вызов

ignorance n

бросать вызов

to launch a challenge

невежество

to improve standards of living

использовать все усилия

to use every effort

ообеспечивать более высокий уровень жизни

to promote higher standards of living

улучшитьуровень жизни

cautious response

хранилище

storage

достичь цели

to reach a target

осторожная реакция